Expressing ‘How wonderful it would be…’

October 12, 2009 at 12:59 pm | In Verb | 2 Comments
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Another use of the verb in conditional form is for English expression ‘how wonderful it would be if…’   The conditional form of verb followed by phrase 얼마나 좋겠어요 (olmana chokesseoyo) does it.  The pattern would look like this – (었)으면 얼마나 좋겠어요.   Note that the verb formed with -으면 can be in past or present form.

Here are some of its applications:

  • 시간이 더 있었으면 얼마나 좋겠어요 (Shicani deo isseoseumyeon olmana chokesseoyo) – How wonderful it would be if we had more time.
  • 하얀 색이 아니었으면 얼마나 좋겠어요 (Hayan saeki anieosseumyeon olmana chokesseoyo) – How wonderful it would be if it wasn’t white.
  • 가수 휘성씨 만나면 얼마나 좋겠어요 (Kasu Wheesungshi mannamyeon olmana chokesseoyo) – How wonderful it would be to meet Wheesung the singer.

Uses of Conditional Verb form -(으)

October 10, 2009 at 9:57 pm | In Phrases, Verb | Leave a Comment
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There are a handful of practical uses of verb  in conditional form.  One of which is in combination with 좋겠어요 (-chokesseoyo).   I have learned that 좋다 (choda) can either mean to like or is good.  However, when it is used with verb in conditional form and the future form  of 좋다  which is 좋겠어 (chokesseo) it then corresponds to English sentence expressing hope or wish.

To simplify, first sentence clause ending in (으)면 plus final verb 좋겠어요  (chokesseyo) or 좋겠습니다 (chokessumnida) creates the expression ‘It would be good if….’ or ‘I hope or … ‘

We know that in English to say something like ‘It would be good if we have a wine’ is an expression that expresses wish to have wine.   Here are examples of verb in conditional form used side by side 좋겠어요.

  • 여름이 가지 않으면 좋겠어요. (Yeoreumi kagi aneumyeon chokesseoyo) – Literally this means, if summer did not go, it would be good.  [= If summer did not go it would be good.]
  • 한국말을 잘 하면 좋겠어요. (Hangukmareul  jal hamyeon chokesseoyo) – I wish I speak Korean well or I hope speak Korean well.
  • 지금 김치를 사면 좋겠어요. (Chigeum kimchireul samyeon chokesseoyo) – It would be good if we buy kimchi now.

Conditional Verb

September 7, 2009 at 8:53 pm | In Verb | 1 Comment
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I really spend little time now learning and reviewing my Korean.  Now is just high time to learn another type of verb in conditional form.   The conditional form is a two-shape ending;  -으면 (eumyeon)  attached to consonant ending base verbs and plain -면 (myeon) attached to vowel ending base verb.

When this ending is attached to verb its meaning becomes when/if <verb>.   This is how the verb is formed, see how base verb transform into its conditional form:

  • 가 (ka) –> 가면 (kamyeon) – when one goes or if one goes
  • 이쁘 (ippeu) –>  이쁘면 (ippeumyeon) – if something is cute or when its cute
  • 쓰 (sseu) –> 쓰면 (sseumyeon) – if one write or when someone writes
  • 먹 (meok) –> 먹으면 (meokeumyeon) – if one eats or when one eats
  • 받 (pad) –> 받으면 (padeumyeon) – if one gets or when one gets
  • 들 (deul) –>  들으면 (deureumyeon) – if one hears or when one hears

To an -ㄹ extending verb such as 사-ㄹ (sal, means live) the verb ending is attached on the extended form of the verb using 면 — as such 살면 (salmyeon) means if one lives or when one lives.   It’s a bit tricky, supposedly the extended form ends in consonant but the verb ending used if for vowel ending verbs which is 면.

Want vs. Like

August 9, 2009 at 10:27 pm | In Verb | 5 Comments
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A year ago when I started the difficult battle of learning Korean Language, i seek refuge with websites that offer Language Exchange Partners which I fondly called my LEPs.   I had a few and they come and go.  One of the earliest question I asked was how to express ‘i would like to…’   At that time I learned about -고 싶다 (-go shipda) verb which is used to express wish, desire or want.  But one of my LEPs told me to use the verb 좋겠어  (jokesso).   He told me this is commonly used because -go shipda can only be used to express one’s (first person sentence).  I was confused then.

One’s desires, wants  and wishes are expressed by using the auxiliary verb -고 싶어요 (-go shipeoyeo).   To say someone other than you desires, wants and wishes  to… -고 싶어해요 (-go shipeohaeyo)  is used.  However to say someone likes something, one can use 좋아세요 (choaseyo) or 좋아해요 (choahaeyo).

Here are some sample application:

  • 비빔밥을 먹고 싶어요.  ( Bibimbapeul mokko shipeoyeo) – I want to eat bibimbap.
  • 친구는 비빔밥을 먹고 싶어해요. ( Chinguneun bibimbapeul mokko shipeohaeyo) – My friend wants to eat bibimbap.
  • 친구는 비빔밥을 좋아해요.  (Chinguneun bibimbap choahaeyo) – My friend likes bibimbap.

Denying Obligation

July 25, 2009 at 11:39 pm | In Manner of Speaking, Verb | 3 Comments
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Last time I learned how to express obligation by using the particle -야 (-ya) and 해요 (haeyo).   Now I learned how to deny such obligation something like the English expression ‘you don’t have to’ or ‘you may not’ or ‘you need not’.

This is not something really offensive, the tone is rather it’s all right even if <verb>.  The expression is formed by using a particle I just recently post, 도 (do) that is, added to a negative verb followed by 좋아요 (choayo), 돼요 dwaeyo) or 괜잖아요 (gwaenchanayo).   So it’s necessary to know first how negative verbs are formed to be able to make use of this new expression.

A quick recap verbs are made negative by adding 안 in front of it this is the short cut or the longer way which is verb+지 (ji)  않아요.

Here are examples of the practical use of this expression:

  • 밥을 안먹어도 괜잖아요. (Bapeul anmokodo gwaenchanayo) – It’s alright if you don’t eat the rice.
  • 내일 집에 가지 않아도 돼요.  (Jipe kaji anado dwaeyo).  You don’t have to go home tomorrow.
  • 아무선물을 가져오지 않아도 좋아요. (Amuseonmureul kajyeo.oji anado choayo).  It’s okay even if you don’t bring any gift.

Expressing Obligation with -야 해요

July 24, 2009 at 3:31 pm | In Manner of Speaking, Verb | Leave a Comment
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This new particle  I learned simulates the way English statements stress the need to do something from just doing it.  I will clean the room tomorrow is a  bit lax compared to saying I must clean the room tomorrow.  The latter sends out something like a higher level of   urgency or an obligation.    This ‘must’ or ‘need to’ message  I learned is expressed by using the particle -야 (-ya) then ending the statement with verb 해요 (haeyo).  The particle is attached to a verb’s infinitive form both for plain and honorific verbs.

  • 학교에 가야 해요 (Hakyoe kaya haeyo) – I need to go to school.
  • 내일 공부해야 해요 (Naeil gongbuhaeya haeyo) – I must study tomorrow.
  • 언니 이 책을 읽어야 해요 (Eonnie i chaekeul ilkoya haeyo) – My (older) sister needs to read this book.

야 attached to the verb gives it the ‘only if you <verb>” meaning and the 해요 as verb ending means ‘will do it’.  As such the combination of this particle and verb ending  therefore results to meaning  you have to <verb>.

나는  한국어 책을 읽어야 해요 =)

Verb Ending -네요 (-neyo)

May 21, 2009 at 1:29 pm | In Verb | 10 Comments
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Another learning from my Language Exchange Partner (LEP) is this topic,  the verb ending -네요 (-neyo).   This verb ending is used in declarative sentence.   I have not encountered this yet from the book so I am just relying on my previous learnings.  Two examples were given to me, analyzing each sentence:

버스가 정류장을 지나가네요. (Beosuka cheongryujangeul chinaganeyo  -The bus passes by the bus stop).   I suppose this verb ending, as most of the verb endings i have learned, is added to a verb’s base form.   

당신은 슬퍼보이네요.  (Dangshineun seulpeoboineyo – You look so sad). In this example i think it can be connected to copula 이에요 (ieyo).  I am not sure with it but looks like 네,  replaced 에 in the copula. 

My LEP mentioned that 네요 is rarely used with subject ‘I’.  Likewise he stressed that 하네요  (haneyo) is often used to say something that one saw or heard.  Here are some examples:

  • 그가 아프다고 하네요.  (Keuga apeudago haneyo. ) He is sick (he or someone said)
  • 제인이 말하기를 그 연극은 굉장하다고 하네요.  (Jeini malhagireul ku yeongukeun koengjanghadago haneyo) Jane said the play is awesome.
  • 강원도에는 폭설이 내렸다고 하네요. (Gangwondoeneun pokseori naeryeottdago haneyo).  Heavy snowfall is reported in Gangwon Province.
From the samples that he gave me i suppose that haneyo is used with verb+고 하네요.   I will try to research more on this verb ending as it  is commonly used in a conversation.

The Verb Ending 나요 (nayo)

May 19, 2009 at 5:35 pm | In Verb | 5 Comments
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This post is a fruit of my curiosity.  I have not encountered this from the books that I have been reading but normally hears it in most Korean conversations I have watched.   I basically learned this from my Language Exchage Partner (LEP). 

If you have been into learing Korean, you ought to know they have this verb ending which drives the tone of a sentence.  Verb ending is normally attached to base or infinitive form of a verb of course.   Since I have been hearing -나요 (-nayo) on conversation, i had a feeling that it functions as a verb ending.  My LEP confirmed this.  He said this is used in interrogative sentences (sort of inquisitive, curious or probing). 

From the examples he gave to me, it appears to me that this verb ending is attached to a base form of the verb.  Here is one sample he gave: 들리나요? (Deullinayo? — Can you hear me?) where 들리 (Deulli)  is base form of verb 들리다 (Deullida) which means hear or be audible.

For descriptive verbs which turns to processive by adding 하 (ha),  the verb ending is attached to ha instead of the base form of the descriptive verb.   Here are some examples:

  • 당신은 나를 사랑하나요? (Dangshineun nareul saranghanayo?) – Do you love me?
  • 어머니를 행복하나요? (Eomeonireul haengbokhanayo?) – Is your mother happy?

Maybe my next question is how is this different from verb ending  -니까 (-nikka). I am yet to find out :-)

Another Modifier -는

February 28, 2009 at 11:00 pm | In Noun, Particles, Rules, Verb | 2 Comments
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Another modifier I learned today is -는 which is similar to topic particle used for words ending in vowel.  This new modifier is almost similar to -(으)ㄴexcept that it is specially used for processive verb. 

This modifier doesn’t mind the final character of the word whether vowel or consonant it is directly added to a processive verb.  Amazingly, unlike (으) ㄴ, this modifier cannot be used to descriptive verbs or adjectives.  Here are examples of its  application in certain processive verb:

  • 만나는 (manneun) from 마나 (manna) which means meet
  • 쓰는 (sseuneun) from 쓰(sseu)  which means write
  • 기다리는 (kidarineun) from 기다리 (kidari) which means  wait for
  • 가는 (kaneun) from 가 (ka) which means go
  • 먹는 (meokneun)  from 먹 (meok) which means eat
  • 보는 (boneun) from 보 (bo) which means look

This modifier added in a processive verb placed before a noun has a present meaning, that someone is verbing or doing.  This should somehow make this statement clear:

  • 쓰는 사람 (Sseunen saram) –> the person who is writing
  • 읽는 책 (ikneun chaek) –>the book that [he] is reading
  • 걸는 선생님 (keolneun seonsaengnim) –> the teacher who is walking.

So obvisouly for descriptive verbal nouns which takes auxiliary verb 해요,  one there is always the form descriptive verb+한 like this example: 깨끗한 방 (kkaekeuthan bang) would mean a room that is clean. 

However, for a processive verbal nouns with 해요, the verb 하 functions as processive so it taked the modifier 는. Such as 산보하는 사람 (sanbohaneun saram) which means a person who is taking a walk.  Comparing to the last modifier i learned -ㄴ when this is used on the example given –> 산보한 사람 (sanbohan saram) it now means a peron who took a walk. Its meaning becomes past.

Uses of Clause Modifier (으)ㄴ

February 27, 2009 at 12:29 pm | In Phrases, Verb | Leave a Comment
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The simple modifier (으) ㄴ has two major functions in relation to the type of verb to which it is attached.   First, when attached to a descriptive verb or adjective and then placed before a noun, it becomes noun that is equal to adjective.  Here are some examples:

  • 큰 학교 (Keun Hakkyo) – Large school
  • 적은 눈물 (Cheokeun Nunmul) – Few tears
  • 좋은 사람 (CheounSaram) -  Good Man

The second use is that when it is attached to processive verb right before a noun it takes a past meaning.  Something like [someone] did or  has done as shown on samples below:

  • 앉은 사람  (Anjeun saram) – The person who sat or who has sat.  This is lifted from statement –> 사람이 앉었어요 (Sarami anjeosseoyo)
  • 걸은 여자 (Keoreun yoja) – The lady who walked –> 여자가 걸었어요 (Yojaga keoreoseoyo).

Since this form for processive verbs takes a past tense meaning, therefore, this modifier can neither be attached to past base nor future base.  As such you would hear or see 썼은 편지 (Sseosseun pyonji) written letter or 써겠은 편지 (Sseokesseun pyonji) letter that we/I will write.

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